Verbos Estáticos
Los Verbos Estáticos (Stative verbs)
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I have a beer |
Yes, but I’m having mine |
La mayoría de los verbos son dinámicos ya que se refieren a una acción, pero algunos verbos se refieren a un estado o condición, estos son los verbos estáticos.
Como se refieren a un estado (por ejemplo, I like English), no se pueden utilizar en sentido continuo (por ejemplo, I’m enjoying this blog now but may not be at the end of it), y cuando se utilizan en sentido continuo el significado del verbo cambia.
Piense que son condiciones binarias como 1 o 0, correcto o incorrecto, de acuerdo o en desacuerdo.
Los verbos suelen definirse por su contexto. El mismo verbo utilizado en un contexto diferente puede convertirse en dinámico, pero su significado ha cambiado.
Los verbos estáticos suelen referirse a pensamientos y opiniones, posesión y medida, sentidos y percepciones, sentimientos y emociones...
Algunos ejemplos ayudarán a explicar todo esto.
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State |
Verb |
Example |
Can’t say! |
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thoughts and opinions |
agree |
I agree with you |
I am agreeing with you |
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know |
I know you well |
I am knowing you well |
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understand |
I understand English |
I am understanding English |
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possession and measurement |
own |
He owns a Ferrari |
He is owning a Ferrari |
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have |
They have two dalmatians |
They are having two dalmatians |
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weigh |
The tuna weighs twenty kilograms |
The tuna is weighing twenty kilograms |
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senses and perceptions |
feel |
I feel like I’m sixteen again |
I am feeling like I’m sixteen again |
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smell |
The fish smells awful |
The fish is smelling awful |
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taste |
It tastes good |
It is tasting good |
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feelings and emotions |
like |
We like Sushi |
We are liking Sushi |
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love |
I love it when it rains |
I am loving it when it rains |
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prefer |
I prefer beer to wine |
I am preferring beer to wine |
Sin embargo, el contexto suele determinar si el verbo es estático o dinámico. A menudo, cuando un verbo normalmente estativo se utiliza en la forma continua, entonces ha adquirido un nuevo significado
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Stative context |
Meaning |
Dynamic context |
Meaning |
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I have a beer |
I own a beer |
I am having a beer |
I am drinking a beer |
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I think it's a good idea. |
I have decided it’s a good idea |
I haven’t decided, I’m still thinking |
I’m still deciding. |
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We don’t see any problems. |
We have concluded there are no problems |
We are seeing more and more problems |
We are aware of continuous problems |
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The boxer weighs 80kg |
His weight is 80kgs |
The boxer is weighing in at 80kg |
He may be on the scale weighing himself |
Ejercicios
¿El verbo se utiliza de forma estática o dinámica?
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1 |
I recognise now that I was wrong |
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2 |
I doubt that they will ever find out |
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3 |
It is surprising that he passed all his exams |
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4 |
You are being stupid |
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5 |
I'm having a party |
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6 |
I see what you mean |
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7 |
We're seeing Tom tomorrow afternoon |
Señale las frases en las que se han utilizado incorrectamente verbos estáticos en tiempo continuo
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1 |
I’m having a really good time |
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2 |
I’m smelling really terrible |
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3 |
He is thinking it’s a good idea |
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4 |
The chef is tasting my meal |
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5 |
I’m guessing no one came to the party? |
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6 |
I am imagining that it must be very difficult for you |
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7 |
Suddenly it was there, appearing out of no where |
Respuestas
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1 |
I recognise now that I was wrong |
Stative |
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2 |
I doubt that they will ever find out |
Stative |
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3 |
It is surprising that he passed all his exams |
Dynamic |
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4 |
You are being stupid |
Dynamic |
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5 |
I'm having a party |
Dynamic |
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6 |
I see what you mean |
Stative |
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7 |
We're seeing Tom tomorrow afternoon |
Dynamic |
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