Ann- “Today I met Karen in the market. She was wearing a red dress. She said she bought it from Italy.”
Susan- “Are you sure? I saw her buying a red dress from Luke's shop in our local market.”
Ann- “I think she is lying. I am sure she has never travelled abroad.”
¿Alguna vez te ha resultado difícil decirle a alguien lo que ha dicho otra persona sin utilizar sus propias palabras?
Pues bien, la solución es usar el estilo indirecto .
Para empezar, vamos a compartir la conversación anterior entre Ann y Susan en el estilo directo.
Ann said that earlier that day she had met Karen in the market, she was wearing a red dress and was boasting that she had bought the dress from Italy.
Susan asked Ann if she was sure, as she had seen Karen buying a red dress from Luke's shop in their local market the other day.
Ann said she thought Karen was lying and believed she had never travelled abroad.
¿Es difícil?
Sé que es un reto, pero no te preocupes, te lo pondré fácil y serás capaz de cambiar las frases al estilo indirecto en un abrir y cerrar de ojos.
Averigüemos cómo.
Direct Speech |
Reported speech |
Present Simple |
Past Simple |
Present Continuous |
Past Continuous |
Present Perfect |
Past Perfect |
Present Perfect Continuous |
Past Perfect Continuous |
Past Simple |
Past Perfect |
Past Continuous |
Past Perfect Continuous |
Past Perfect |
sigue siendo el mismo. |
Past Perfect Continuous |
sigue siendo el mismo. |
Daniel said that he did not work in a bank.
> Jessie said, “I am selling my car.”
Jessie said that she was selling her car.
> “Leave at once!” they ordered.
They ordered us to leave at once.
Ejemplos > Irene said, "I live here".
Irene said that she lived there.
> "I'll see you tomorrow", he said
He said that he would see me the next day.
> "I saw him yesterday", Christine said.
Christine said that she had seen him the day before.
> “The children are playing outside now.”
He said that the children were playing outside then.
Ejemplos > “I shall be busy this week. "Lucia said.
Lucia said (that) she would be busy that week.
Lucia said she would be busy that week.
Fíjate en el verbo informador en estos ejemplos-
> “Get out of the car!" said the police officer.
The police officer ordered him to get out of the car.
> "Could you please be quiet?" Peter said.
Peter asked me to be quiet.
>Jose said, “The moon gets light from the sun.”
Jose explained the moon gets light from the sun.
>John said, “Wow! What a nice shirt it is.”
John exclaimed with wonder that it was a nice shirt.
Ejemplos >She said, “I can sing a song”.
She said that she could sing a song.
> Bill said, "I may bring a friend to the party."
Bill said he might bring a friend to the party.
En las preguntas de qué, dónde, por qué, quién, cuándo o cómo, utilizamos la palabra interrogativa para informar de la pregunta. No olvides cambiar el tiempo verbal y eliminar el signo de interrogación.
Ejemplos >When is your fight?
He asked me when my flight was.
>Where is he?'
She asked where he was.
En las preguntas sí/no, utilizamos si o si para informar de la pregunta. Esto es mucho más común. Veamos cómo hacerlo.
Ejemplos>Are you angry?
She asked me if I was angry.
>Do you like football?
He asked me whether I liked football.
Offer + infinitive/object + noun, Ask + infinitive, Suggest + ing, Advised +object + infinitive.
Ejemplos >Would you like a cup of coffee?
He offered to have a cup of coffee/ He offered me a cup of coffee.
>Can you open the door, please?
She asked me to open the door.
>Let's go to the park.
She suggested going to the park.
>You should study harder.
The teacher advised me to study harder.
Haz los ejercicios que encontrarás a continuación para poner a prueba tu gramática.
Ejercicio 1
1."Is she happy?", James said.
James asked if she __________ happy.
2."They will have a meeting tomorrow," the manager said.
The manager told me (that) they __________ the next day.
3."Let’s visit the zoo," the child said.
The child __________ the zoo.
4."Where have they gone?" said Fay.
Fay wondered where they _____ gone.
5."He can play the guitar," said his mother.
His mother said (that) he __________ play the guitar.
Ejercicio 2
1.They said, “The weather was amazing!”
2.“They visited Paris last summer,” he said.
3."Did you turn off the oven?" my wife said.
4.“We played table tennis for our school,” said Ali.
5.“We are going for a picnic,” said Jack.
¿Cómo te ha ido?
Si has acertado, ¡bravo! Si no, sigue practicando y las clases te ayudarán a seguir mejorando
Ten en cuenta que la expresión oral puede ser complicada, pero a medida que practiques te resultará más fácil.
Aquí tienes las respuestas correctas:
Ejercicio 1
1.was
2.would have a meeting
3.suggested visiting
4.had
5.could
Ejercicio 2
1.They exclaimed with joy that the weather was amazing.
2.He told me they had visited Paris the previous summer.
3.My wife asked me if I had turned off the oven.
4.Ali told me they played table tennis for their school.
5.Jack said they were going for a picnic.